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Aluminium Steel

Aluminium is derived from the mineral bauxite. Bauxite is converted to aluminium oxide (alumina) via the Bayer Process. The alumina is then converted to aluminium metal using electrolytic cells and the Hall-Heroult Process.

Applications of Aluminium

Pure aluminium is soft, ductile, corrosion resistant and has a high electrical conductivity. It is widely used for foil and conductor cables, but alloying with other elements is necessary to provide the higher strengths needed for other applications. Aluminium is one of the lightest engineering metals, having a strength to weight ratio superior to steel.

By utilising various combinations of its advantageous properties such as strength, lightness, corrosion resistance, recyclability and formability, aluminium is being employed in an ever-increasing number of applications. This array of products ranges from structural materials through to thin packaging foils.

Mechanical Properties of Aluminium

Aluminium can be severely deformed without failure. This allows aluminium to be formed by rolling, extruding, drawing, machining and other mechanical processes. It can also be cast to a high tolerance.

Alloying, cold working and heat-treating can all be utilised to tailor the properties of aluminium.

The tensile strength of pure aluminium is around 90 MPa but this can be increased to over 690 MPa for some heat-treatable alloys.

Alloy Temper Proof Stress 0.20% (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Shear Strength (MPa) Elongation A5 (%) Elongation A50 (%) Hardness Brinell HB Hardness Vickers HV Fatigue Endur. Limit (MPa)
H2 85 100 60 12 30
30
H4 105 115 70 10 9 35
36 70
H6 120 130 80 7 39
AA1050A h8 140 150 85 6 5 43
44 100
H9 170 180 3 48
51
0 35 80 50 42 38 21
20 50
Alloy Temper Proof Stress 0.20% (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Shear Strength (MPa) Elongation A5 (%) Elongation A50 (%) Hardness Brinell HB Hardness Vickers HV Fatigue Endur. Limit (MPa)
H2 115 135 80 11 11 40
40
H4 140 155 90 9 9 45
46 130
AA3103 H6 160 175 100 8 6 50
50
H8 180 200 110 6 6 55
55 150
H9 210 240 125 4 3 65
70
0 45 105 70 29 25 29
29 100
Alloy Temper Proof Stress 0.20% (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Shear Strength (MPa) Elongation A5 (%) Elongation A50 (%) Hardness Brinell HB Hardness Vickers HV Fatigue Endur. Limit (MPa)
H2 165 210 125 14 14 60
65
H4 190 230 135 13 12 65
70 230
AA5251 H6 215 255 145 9 8 70
75
H8 240 280 155 8 7 80
80 250
H9 270 310 165 5 4 90
90
0 80 180 115 26 25 45
46 200
Alloy Temper Proof Stress 0.20% (MPa) Tensile Strength (MPa) Shear Strength (MPa) Elongation A5 (%) Elongation A50 (%) Hardness Brinell HB Hardness Vickers HV Fatigue Endur. Limit (MPa)
0 60 130 85 27 26 35
35 120
AA6082 T1 170 260 155 24 24 70
75 200
T4 170 260 170 19 19 70
75 200